History of THe Capital Punishment Essay - 714 Words

The capital punishment, known as the death penalty has been a widely debated topic in America over its constitutionality after being reinstated in 1976. There are two distinct sides in the debate over whether the death penalty is an unjust punishment. The debate spreads over to whether mentally ill and juveniles should be tried as adults and receive the death penalty or if their mental capacity restrains the government from issuing the punishment. Not only that, but the methods used to administer the punishment are also being picked and pried. The death penalty has been occurring in America since the colonial times when settlers came from Europe. At that time, they used hanging as the most common execution method. This persisted until the†¦show more content†¦The court used the public opinion to determine their views on death for raping. Only a few states at that time had allowed death for rapists. The 2008 Kennedy v. Louisiana extened the Coker ruling so that the death penalty could not be issued if the child is still alive after raping. Once again, the court used the public’s opinion in determining this. Only 6 states allowed execution from raping, clearly defining the views against it. In 2002, the court case Ring v. Arizona, the court ruled through the Sixth Amendment that a jury, rather than a judge had the right to issue the capital punishment.The 2006 case of Brown v. Sanders solidified that verdict. The Supreme Court had not taken up an execution method case for 117 years until Baze v. Reese determi ned that the lethal injection was constitutional. These cases narrowed down who the death penalty was constitutional for. Atkins v. Virginia in 2002, the court determined that executing a mentally retarded human is cruel and unconstitutional. Also, in Bobby v. Bies, states had the authority to conduct tests to determine the mentality of a criminal. To protect the rights of juveniles, the 2005 Roger v. Simmons case stated that it was unconstitutional for the state to administer the death penalty for juveniles because of lack of maturity and responsibility (Cornell Law, Death Penalty). Methods for administering the death penalty have also fallen under the anger of critics. The two most common methods of execution, lethalShow MoreRelatedThe History of Capital Punishment1239 Words   |  5 Pagesstatements, and there was no DNA evidence or murder weapon found (Pilkington). How can a man’s life be taken in such an unfair and cruel way? The world should make capital punishment illegal, recognizing it as a moral and ethical mistake, a cruel and misguided injustice, and an impractical and wasteful act. Capital punishment has a complicated history, both worldwide and particularly in the United States. Due to the efforts of human rights groups and evolutions in society, the world has many fewer executionsRead MoreHistory of Capital Punishment in America779 Words   |  3 PagesCapital Punishment, the process by which the government takes the life of an offender for crimes committed against humanity. Capital Punishment also referred to as the â€Å"death penalty† has played a role in the correctional process dating back to 1608 in Jamestown. Over the years the use of Capital Punishment has fluctuated. Like most areas of corrections the death penalty has become reformed and altered to needs of modern day society. Like most controversial issues the majority of people haveRead MoreHistory of Capital Punishment Essay997 Words   |  4 PagesHistory of Capital Punishment In the history of the world, the punishment for murder, or homicide, has generally been â€Å"the death penalty†. This seems to be the most logical punishment. If someone intentionally kills an innocent human being, why should he be able to live? Or should he? Should he be forced to suffer for the remainder of his life for this terrible crime? There are many arguments and opinions on this topic; many reasons why we should sentence murderers to death, but many reasonsRead More The History of Capital Punishment Essay2004 Words   |  9 PagesThe History of Capital Punishment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Crime has been a plague on society from ancient times to present. In response to this plague, society has formed structured rules to deal with the perpetrators of crime. A crime can be defined as act that society’s government deems as illegal. Different societies have formed various methods and standards for evaluating crime and assigning corresponding punishment. What constitutes a crime has changed throughout the course of history. In ancient timesRead More The History and Public Opinion of Capital Punishment Essay4449 Words   |  18 PagesThe History and Public Opinion of Capital Punishment The history of the death penalty goes back to the earliest civilizations where it was used to punish all sorts of crimes from robbery, to murder, to different forms of heresy. In the United States it evolved to just punish murder, treason, and some cases of rape. It has been an issue that has sparked a never ending debate that goes back to colonial times. The general public traditionally supported the death penalty in a majorityRead MoreThe History of Capital Punishment as a Deterrent to Crime Essay2614 Words   |  11 Pagesconcerning capital punishment, or the death penalty. Through the passing of time, our society castigates transgressors with the death penalty. Many nations through time have decided to enact this harsh treatment. In the United States alone, the federal government has persevered to reinforce people to death (Marzillo 10). According to Wikipedia Encyclopedia, â€Å"Capital Punishment is the execution of a person by judicial process as a punishment for an off ense.† Over the centuries capital punishment has beenRead MoreThe Effects Of Capital Punishment On Society1516 Words   |  7 Pages Capital Punishment Tyra L. Ferguson SYP4514: Patterns of Violence in Society University of Central Florida Introduction Capital punishment was first noted in America in the early 1600’s (â€Å"Part I: History of†, 2014). Much like most of the laws in America, capital punishment was brought here and influenced by European settlers (â€Å"Part I: History of†, 2014). Many crimes that were punishable by death in its infancy in America ranged from stealing fruit to murder. Capital punishmentRead MoreBureau Of Justice Statistics : The United States Primary Source For Criminal Justice1439 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment. Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). U.S. Department of Justice. 25 Nov. 2014. Web. Web. 25 Nov. 2014. Bureau of Justice Statistics is the United States primary source for criminal justice statistics. The website has published information on crime, criminal offenders, victims of crime, and the operation of justice systems at all levels of government. According to Bureau of Justice Statistics, â€Å"The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) is a component of the OfficeRead MoreThe Death Penalty Throughout History1074 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment of the death penalty throughout history. It begins with a brief explanation of the origins of capital punishment, referencing the first known documentation of actions punishable by death. The paper goes on to explore different methods of execution and how they have progressed and changed over the years. Documented cases at different points of history are referenced to show the relationship of time periods and beliefs to the implementation of capital punishment. Finally, the development of differentRead MoreThe Death Penalt y Of Capital Punishment1480 Words   |  6 Pagessystem, such as the death penalty. Capital punishment has been used many times in history all around the world, and it was quite popular. Many people argue that capital punishment is useful in deterring crime and that it is only fair that criminals receive death as punishment for a heinous crime. On the contrary, others see the death penalty as a violation of the 8th amendment. It restricts excessive fines, and it also does not allow cruel and unusual punishment to be inflicted upon criminals. Although

Why College Athletes Should Be Paid - 2455 Words

Why College Athletes Should Be Paid, and How The NCAA Can Do That The NCAA and the universities represented by it are now making more money than ever through their athletic programs than ever before. However, due to amateurism regulations set by the NCAA, the college athletes that generate the massive revenue the NCAA receives are not paid at all. The article opens with the argument that college athletes should be paid for their play. The argument is supported through information proving that the NCAA undervalues athletes through the money they generate for their school versus the amount of scholarship money the school provides them with. The article also discusses how the NCAA also prevents athletes from marketing their own image and†¦show more content†¦In fact, collegiate athletes are not permitted to use their own image for personal profit, as it violates the NCAA’s rules on amateurism. Paying college athletes has been debated and argued about for years, with tens ions increasing on both sides. However, one idea remains clear. The NCAA needs to compensate college athletes, and can do so through salaries, compensation for games played, or through endorsement deals. The NCAA is one of the largest sports organizations in the world, representing college athletics through three divisions and over twenty different sports. It is a multi billion dollar business that brings in revenue through ticket sales, television contracts, and sale of memorabilia. However, with none of the profits going towards the athletes themselves, the NCAA is using their students for personal gain within the organization. There are multiple ways the NCAA profits off its athletes, by undervaluing players and giving them less compensation because of it, as well as limiting their opportunities to make money on their own. Critics of compensating college athletes claim that the scholarships the players receive is enough compensation for their play, as well as earning an educatio n. John Thelin of Time Magazine states that since scholarships are not taxed, it becomes a better deal for athletes. He says an athlete with a $65,000 scholarship would be more financiallyShow MoreRelatedwhy college athletes should be paid1388 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Why Collegiate Athletes Should be Paid In our world, people who bring in money with their talents are usually compensated for their efforts. It makes complete sense right? Well for college athletes, they bring in billions of dollars worth of revenue for their school, but do not get compensated for their talents whatsoever. Most people argue that only professional athletes should be paid because it is their profession, but people do not take in account for all the hard work and effort these studentRead MoreWhy College Athletes Should Not Be Paid1301 Words   |  6 PagesNovember 2015 Why College Athletes Should Not Be Paid What amount of money should college athletes be paid? This has been a controversial question for many years.Some lower level Division One NCAA athletes think that their scholarships do not pay them enough as it is, and instead they want cash rather than the scholarship. These situations have been taken to court and arbitrated in NCAA hearings. The NCAA, or the National College Athletics Association, has declined for the athletes to be paid a salaryRead MoreWhy College Athletes Should Be Paid1047 Words   |  5 Pagespeople get paid for the service, so why are college athletes not paid for performing a service with their athletic abilities? Almost anyone who is involved with sports, whether it be watching them or playing them, has an opinion on whether or not college athletes should be paid. My opinion on this controversy is that college athletes should be paid. College sports make billions of dollars, so there is definitely room for athletes to payed in some way. There are three mai n reasons as to why I believeRead MoreWhy College Athletes Should Be Paid807 Words   |  4 PagesJoshua Davis Ms. Hammons Junior English 5th Hour 30 march 2017 Why College Athletes Should Be Paid College athletes have much more responsibilities to worry about than pros, and scholarships don t help athletes that much and they often don’t even finish college. The problem is college athletes don t get paid when they have twice the responsibilities of pro athletes. college athletes have to juggle their sport practices and games, being on the road a lot of the time, going to classes everydayRead MoreWhy College Athletes Should NOT be Paid1773 Words   |  8 Pagesstudent-athletes has begun major conversations and arguments nationwide with people expressing their take on it. â€Å"This tension has been going on for years. It has gotten greater now because the magnitude of dollars has gotten really large† (NCAA). I am a student athlete at Nicholls State University and at first thought, I thought it would be a good idea to be able to be paid as a student-athlete.After much research however; I have come to many conclusions why the payment of athletes should not takeRea d MoreWhy Should College Athletes Be Paid767 Words   |  4 PagesThe magnitude of the controversy to pay college athletes has intensified over the past few years. It might be due to the prevailing economic atmosphere causing everyone, including aspiring athletes, to look for new ways to make money. It might also be due to many higher educational facilities giving the public access to their annual budget, causing outsiders to focus on the profit of specific athletic programs. However, it might also be due to the coaches’ outrageous salaries and the money that universitiesRead MoreWhy Should College Athletes Get Paid1551 Words   |  7 Pagesthat professionals get paid for the revenue that they bring in while NCAA athletes do not. It is time for change, college athletes should be monetarily compensated because they are the ones who have made the NCAA profitable for many years. The idea of college athletes getting paid has been at the center of the sports world because there are a variety of opinions surrounding this topic. Raymond G. Schneider pointed out that some agree with the idea of athletes getting paid because coaches are allowedRead MoreWhy College Athletes Should Get Paid1309 Words   |  6 PagesEbeling 1 Austin Ebeling English 115 Why College Athletes Should Get Paid And Why They Shouldn’t November 18, 2014 Ebeling 2 Intro: How much harder would athletes work if they were paid for their performance on the field, track, or court? College athletes are put to the test each and everyday, they risk their health to entertain millions day in and day out. College athletes deserve part of the money due to the revenue they bring in for their schools and for the NCAA, they deserve theRead MoreCollege Athletes: Why They Should be Paid Essay1233 Words   |  5 PagesCollege athletics have been incredibly profitable businesses for many years. With the advent of televised sporting events, the profit margin has increased exponentially. The Texas Longhorns’ football program alone grosses 104 million dollars annually (forbes.com). So, where is all that money going? Most of it goes right back to the school. The athletes who practice for endless hours and devote their lives to the sports get nothing but the satisfaction of winning. So, should Division One collegeRead MoreWhy Should College Athletes Be Paid Essay88 8 Words   |  4 PagesCollege Athletes Paid to Play The amount of money made over the past twelve years in football and basketball has increased to about 300%, which helps fund all other sports (Meshefejian). College coaches are receiving a numerous amount of money for what the players are doing out on the court or field. Also, some athletes feel they need to excel more in the sport than in the classroom which can jeopardize their future. Student-athletes have other costs they need to pay for, but they have no time for

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 9 Free Essays

If I Backslide Knowing that if I wear the wrong thing, Veronica will say I have ruined her night – the way she did that one time when I wore Bermuda shorts and sandals to a dress-up dinner – I can’t stop thinking about what I am going to wear to her dinner party, so much that I don’t even remember it’s Friday, and therefore, time to see Dr. Patel, until Mom calls down in the middle of my workout, saying, â€Å"We’re leaving in fifteen minutes. Hit the shower!† In the cloud room, I pick the brown chair. We will write a custom essay sample on The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 9 or any similar topic only for you Order Now We recline, and Cliff says, â€Å"Your mother tells me you’ve had quite a week. Want to talk about it?† So I tell him about Veronica’s dress-up party and how my old dress clothes don’t fit because I have lost so much weight, and I have no swanky clothes other than the shirt my brother has recently given me, and I am pretty stressed out about going to a dinner party and wish I could just spend some time alone with Ronnie lifting weights, so that I would not have to see Veronica, who even Nikki says is a mean person. Dr. Patel nods a few times like he does, and then says, â€Å"Do you like the new shirt your brother gave you? Do you feel comfortable wearing it?† I tell him I absolutely love my new shirt. â€Å"So wear that one to the dress-up dinner, and I’m sure Veronica will like it too.† â€Å"Are you sure?† I ask. â€Å"Because Veronica is really particular about what you should wear to dinner parties.† â€Å"I’m sure,† he says, which makes me feel a whole lot better. â€Å"What about pants?† â€Å"What’s wrong with the pants you have on now?† I look down at the tan khakis my mom purchased for me at the Gap the other day because she says I shouldn’t wear sweatpants to my doctor’s appointments, and even though the pants are not as swanky as my new Eagles jersey, they do look okay, so I shrug and stop worrying about what to wear to Veronica’s dinner party. Cliff tries to get me to talk about Kenny G, but I only close my eyes, hum a single note, and silently count to ten every time he says Mr. G’s name. Then Cliff says he knows that I have been rough with my mother, shaking her in the kitchen and knocking her down in the attic, which makes me really sad because I love my mom so much and she rescued me from the bad place and has even signed all those legal documents – and yet I cannot rightly deny what Cliff has said. My chest heats up with guilt until I can’t take it. Truth be told, I break down and cry – sobbing – for at least five minutes. â€Å"Your mother is risking a lot, because she believes in you.† His words make me cry even harder. â€Å"You want to be a good person, don’t you, Pat?† I nod. I cry. I do want to be a good person. I really do. â€Å"I’m going to up your meds,† Dr. Patel tells me. â€Å"You might feel a little sluggish, but it should help to curb your violent outbursts. You need to know it’s your actions that will make you a good person, not desire. And if you have any more episodes, I might have to recommend that you go back to the neural health facility for more intensive treatments, which – â€Å" â€Å"No. Please. I’ll be good,† I say quickly, knowing that Nikki is less likely to return if I backslide into the bad place. â€Å"Trust me.† â€Å"I do,† Dr. Patel replies with a smile. How to cite The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 9, Essay examples

PICO Analysis Hand-Wash Revisionre

Question : Section 1: Identification of appropriate research designs Give a brief background to set context, and state your question. Using the scholarlyliterature to support your work, answer the following questions. (1)What type of question is this? (2)What is the most suitable research design to answer this question?What ethical considerations that would need to be addressed in order to carry outsuch a study? Section 2: Evaluation of a research article Find an original research article (ie NOT a review) that provides evidence to answer thequestion. Give the full citation for the article first, and then using the scholarly literature tosupport your work, answer the following questions. (1)What is the study design used in the article? (2)What methods did the researcher/s use to collect and analyse their data, and why? (3)What are the key findings of the study? (4)How do these findings help to answer your clinical question, considering yourpopulation and practice setting? Answer : Section 1: Identification of appropriate research design Health care support and knowledge of effective health care practice are two crucial requirements for the wellbeing of the societal health. Similar to the adoption of optimum intervention and treatment regime, it is important to utilize and monitor some of the key requirements in routine practice. Hand washing is one of the effective practices, which is necessary to be followed for effective health restoration of self as well as for the patients to be addressed for effective health care services (Grol 2013, 167). The incorporation of this practice is important for not only the professionals involved in health care practices, but also in the domestic and routine daily life activities. For the purpose of present research, the PICO based approach is aimed in addressing the question, Does hand washing stop infection? (1)The adopted pattern of research in conjunction to the present scope of the report, can be made framed in quantitative approach. Such approach will be based on objective of collective numerical data that can be analyzed using suitable mathematical and statistical methods for finding significance and relevance of the research. It is hence these significant numerical results can be further used to elucidate psychological and relevant noteworthy results. On the other hand, the use of qualitative research is used to collect ideology and views that can be further helpful for prediction and determination of the hypothesis and corresponding inference (Can, 2011, pp.485). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are useful in this regard, as they help in making the results valid, robust and precise for the identification of true positive results. In other words, it can be said that the approach is helpful for the exclusion of false positive results. (2)Use of RCTs in finding the true positive results in conjunction to any research question is important as because it helps in providing predictable, reliable and sufficient results. Furthermore, while accounting of the importance of evidence based research, it is more important to consider the unbiased control study. This not only helps in extracting un-biased information but will also have a provision of including control study. This on the other hand, fetch option towards the ease of comparison and precise way of judgment (Shrank, 2011, pp.546). The concerned question in the present report is to consider the effectiveness and efficacy of hand washing in conjunction to the control and spread of infection. Thus, the group to be considered for the study should be based on a group following regular practice of hand washing, whereas another group not practicing the hand washing practice. Other than this, the individual involved in hand washing practice should be exempted from the cons ideration of this research work. The ethical consideration is based on taking consent for the individuals involved in following the requisite guidelines for the scope of research and that the reliance of research output will be based on their views and inference. Section 2: Evaluation of a research article In conjunction to the present research scope of this report, the concerned prospect is to find out the effectiveness and efficacy of hand washing practice against the prevention of infection. It is hence for the same work, the adopted research article is, Increasing the frequency of hand washing by healthcare workers does not lead to commensurate reductions in staphylococcal infection in a hospital ward (Beggs, 2008, pp. 114). (1)The quantitative type of research work presented by the author in the article is considered in a medical ward of health care setting. More importantly, the impact of hand washing practice was studies in conjunction to infection caused by staphylococcal species. Based on the general indication that the infection by staphylococcal species can be transmitted with the infected hands from the colony formed by the concurrent species. It is hence, the general indication being that without the practice of proper hand washing, there is higher chances of acquired infection with the species. Such impact of imperfect hand washing can be thus revealed with the help of infection, as per the hypothesis of the authors. (2)As discussed in the previous section, the hypothesis for the concern is whether hand-washing practice can be helpful in preventing the infection. With the same hypothesis, the authors have concluded the research for the aim of impact of hand cleaning over the transmission of infection. The grouping of the patients were made by the authors into two parts, one where the members are susceptible with staphylococcus infection and another group where the number of colonized patients are present. The total number of subjects (individuals) under consideration are thus constant throughout the time-period of intervention. Similarly, in another group, one part is individuals not affected with the infection and another part, which are colonized with the infection in temporary terms. The removal rate of the un-colonized patients is thus considered as impact, which also includes removals due to death, transfer to another ward with more severe form of infection and discharge with health recovery. Based on the inference obtained with the help of the experimental results, the numerical terms are not further processed for statistical inference, but are subjected to mathematical modeling. On the contrary, with the help of mathematical modeling, the obtained numerical factors were considered with the help of differential equation. More precise detail of the mathematical modeling and coefficient factors that are used with the help of studies can be obtained and read in the paper. Hence, the final conclusion was made with the help of differential equation, which gives inference, either the infection will be removed or will be acquired even after the hand washing practice. (3)The key finding of the suggested research article, can be said not to be in accordance to the hypothesis of the authors. More accurately, it was revealed with the controlled study, that the effectiveness of hand washing is not probable for the control of the staphylococcus infection. It was found in the that the hand washing in general terms is not an effective control measure, as the transmission being still dynamic in both the groups. Moreover, the return of the infection is also not being controlled. The benefit of hand washing is there as revealed by the authors, but the effect is not more than 20%. The infection state despite of the hand washing, is still dependent on the contact made with the contact made to the infected patients. The complication rate is that was incurred in 40 percent of the colonized patients were also found to be occurring even with the adoption of precise hand washing practice. On the contrary, it was found that ward management, hawthorne effect, and en vironmental contamination was found to be in control with the adoption of such practices. For precisely the deterministic mathematical modeling used for the understanding of the hand washing practice was found to be a hygienic practice, but is not effective for the purpose of prevention of staphylococcus infection. The average prevalence of the staphylococcal infection in hospital ward are not found to be reducing in the course of assessment by the authors. Such inference was derived on the basis of inconsistency in the outbreaks of staphylococcal infection. (4)It can be said that with the help of this study, the authors concluded that simple hand washing practice is not effective in the progression of crucial infection such as by staphylococcus species. Other than this the limitations included within the study, are not being discussed by the authors. These limitations can be attributed to the use of other agents such as disinfectant or alcohol based hand wash agents, or use of medication in the solvent for the hand washing purpose was not being discussed by the authors. Certainly, inclusion of these elements in the study, may have potential to increase the importance and specification for the future course of medication specification. Hand washing in general is an effective practice that should be adopted for the clean and hygienic purpose, that is useful for the effectiveness in health restoration and health management purpose. With respect to the population side, it is useful for the inclusion of criteria such as gastric and respirato ry diseases. Certainly, these things are effective for the avoiding of many of crucial infection such as infection caused by pathogenic stains of E. coli and parasitic infection where spores can be transferred with the help of soil contact. Other than this, cleaning of the hospital ward or domestic area with the help of disinfectant agents or medicated solutions is also important for the communication of disease. In other words, hand washing is an effective process for the health restoration and management, but it is also true that the said practice is not effective in control of all kind of infection. Conclusion : In conclusion, the said report is based on the clinical question for the research, on the assumption, whether the hand washing practice is effective for the control of the infection. The approach for the research is PICO(T) model and will be considered on the population study (Polit Beck, 2013, pp.400). In order to collect the evidence in conjunction to the same study, a research paper was collected and reviewed to understand the hypothesis analysis, understanding of the ideology for carrying out the research and the basic inference of the research work was carried out. More importantly, with the help of literature review, designing of randomized controlled study was also analyzed with the help of this study. Particularly, from this paper, it was revealed that hand washing is not found to be effective for the certain infection, whereas there are many infection especially parasitic one, which can be controlled or prevented with the help of routine hand washing practice. It is hence t he inclusion of such studies for the future scope of research can prove worthy and make sense for the inclusion of such practice in routine health care practices and domestic purpose. Reference: Beggs, CB, Shepherd, SJ, Kerr, KG 2008. Increasing the frequency of hand washing by healthcare workers does not lead to commensurate reductions in staphylococcal infection in a hospital ward. BMC infectious diseases, 8(1), pp.114. Grol, R., Wensing, M., Eccles, M., Davis, D. (Eds.). 2013. Improving patient care: the implementation of change in health care. John Wiley Sons, pp.167-189. Can, OS, Yilmaz, AA, Hasdogan, M, Alkaya, F, Turhan, SC, Can, MF, Alanoglu, Z 2011. Has the quality of abstracts for randomised controlled trials improved since the release of Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trial guideline for abstract reporting? A survey of four high-profile anaesthesia journals. European Journal of Anaesthesiology (EJA), 28(7), pp.485-492. Shrank, WH, Patrick, AR, Brookhart, MA 2011. Healthy user and related biases in observational studies of preventive interventions: a primer for physicians. Journal of general internal medicine, 26(5), pp.546-550. Polit, DF, Beck, CT 2013. Essentials of nursing research: Appraising evidence for nursing practice. Lippincott Williams Wilkins, pp.400-458